Wuhu Zhongjiang Academy: an open and diverse old-style academy
Author: Ye Wenju
Source: “Study Times”
Time: Confucius IIJamaica Sugar Daddy572 years oldJamaica Sugarren The first day of the seventh lunar month in Guiwei
Jesus July 29, 2022
Wuhu, the modern “strait of the Zhongjiang River”, has been stretching from ancient times to the present day. The academy is Zhongjiang Academy, which was founded in the 30th year of Qianlong’s reign (1765) in the Qing Dynasty. It has a history of more than 250 years. In the 30th year of Qianlong’s reign (1765), Li Shijie, who had “the most outstanding political achievements” through recommendation and selection, was promoted to Taiguang Dao Dao in Ningchi, Anhui. Taiwan, he always valued education. After he came to Wuhu, where the government was located, Jamaica Sugar encouraged the squires to donate money to the river (now Qingyi, Wuhu). Zhongjiang Academy was established in Caimiao Lane in the south of the Yangtze River. Due to financial constraints, the scale was not large at that time. But two years later, Li Shijie left office. In the thirty-seventh year of Qianlong’s reign (1772), his successor Liu Yankuo Jamaicans Escort built the academy and at the same time placed the academy under Wuhu County. Dao and county implemented joint governance, and when the Wuhu county magistrate was as indifferent as a sailor, “the funds are increasing day by day, the number of people studying is increasing, and the Jiujiang River is like a belt, it is better to be in the abyss of humanity!” The face took on a new look. Unfortunately, in the third year of Xianfeng (1853), the Taiping Army invaded Wuhu and the academy was destroyed by the war. In the second year of Tongzhi Jamaicans Escort (1863), Huining Daotai Wu Kunxiu rebuilt the academy on the former site of Zhongjiang Academy and changed its name to Jiujiang Academy. In the ninth year of Tongzhi (1870), the academy was moved to the east of the Road Department in the city. Due to the relatively wide sources of funding, it was relatively sufficient, and the scale of the academy continued to expand. It could be said that “a literary light shoots bullfighting”, and it was quite prestigious in the Wanjiang area at that time. In the first year of Guangxu (1875), Jiujiang Academy was renamed Zhongjiang Academy. In the 21st year of Guangxu’s reign (1895), Yuan Chang, a famous scholar who was then the Taoist priest of Ningtaiguang Road in Anhui Province, carried out major renovations to the construction of the academy. In particular, he built the Zunjing Pavilion as a special place for the academy to store books. He hired “Jiangnan University” Wang Zongyi, a Confucian scholar, became the head of the academy. The academy became famous and its number of students increased sharply., this was also the period when Zhongjiang Academy reached its peak.
The master with a distinct personality does his best for her. After all, her future is in this young lady’s hands. .She didn’t dare to look forward to the young lady in the past, but the current young lady made her full of openness
Zhongjiang Academy is in At the beginning of its establishment, it showed that it was different from the traditional academies whose teaching objectives were “focusing on imperial examinations” and showed a clear openness.
First of all, accept the openness of the students. As a Taoist, Li Shijie founded the academy with the goal of meeting the needs of many students for education and education. His successor, Liu Yong, clearly stated JM Escorts “All handsome people and scholars who are willing to come here are my disciples. They are limited to the land and left behind.” The other person shook her head vigorously, stretched out her hand to wipe the tears from the corners of her eyes, and said with concern: “Mother, how do you feel? Are you feeling unwell? Daughter-in-law, please bear with it. “”It has given way to fees and narrowed its rules, and it is not about education.” This shows that Zhongjiang Academy’s recruitment of students is not limited to local students. The concept of open recruitment has led to the continuous expansion of the academy’s enrollment scale. The first year of Guangxu (1875 Year), Zhongjiang Academy has more than 200 students.
Secondly, Zhongjiang Academy’s teaching staff comes from a wide range of sources, each with its own strengths. Inclusiveness. For example, Wang Zongyi, the “Jiangnan Confucian”, was erudite and “good at studying the world”; Song Zhixian was good at ancient fu and taught rigorously; Lu Peifen advocated saving the country through industry and had modern economic thoughts; Zhu Jingzhao once entered the Liu Mingchuan shogunate and was very knowledgeable about military affairs.
Thirdly, the teaching content in academies is generally designed to cope with the imperial examination, so the teaching content is often designed around the imperial examination, but Zhongjiang Academy is not. A certain degree of Jamaicans Escort adjustment has been made, which not only emphasizes tradition but also has JM EscortsReformed. For example, Yuan Chang set up two schools based on the teaching content: Jingyi and Zhishi. In addition to the traditional Confucian classics, the study of economics, Neo-Confucianism, and the study of Ci and Zhang, Jingyi Zhai also It offers 10 kinds of scripture studies such as “Zhou Bi”. This is a practical course. In addition to the traditional history, three Tong studies, Tongjian studies, anecdotes, and current affairs studies, Zhishi Zhai also offers Western-style courses such as style and manufacturing. , Jamaica Sugar 8 courses including business, land and water, surveying and mapping, etc. The open teaching content lays a good foundation for the diversification of talent training. Basics.
Finally, the openness of teaching methods. In addition to lectures by teachers, teaching at Zhongjiang Academy can also focus on self-study through teacher guidance. For example, Yuan Chang listed Zhang Zhidong’s “Bibliographic Questions and Answers”, “Jingxuan Yu” and Long Qirui’s “Sutras of Classics” for students Waiting for the bibliographic list, the students are required to take notes on reading, “Don’t suppress idioms, don’t be interested in seeking deeper knowledge, don’t make idle remarks, and must explore the near future”, which effectively improves the students’ ability to think independently.
In addition, Zhongjiang Academy attaches great importance to both curriculum, arts, and science, emphasizing both literature and history. For example, curriculum arts include both interpretation and exposition of scripturesJM Escorts, poetry and other traditional knowledge, as well as water courses, land reclamation, plants and other subject knowledge. Zhongjiang Academy specially built a Zunjing Pavilion to store books. There are tens of thousands of volumes in the collection. Its openness is reflected in: first, the openness of the sources of books. In addition to self-purchased books, there are also government-engraved books donated by the government. For example, in the 24th year of Guangxu (1898Jamaicans Escort), he entered JM Escorts has 87 engraved books from the Zhejiang Bureau sent by Zhejiang Governor Liao Shoufeng; privately donated personal collections of books, such as those donated by the famous bibliophile Ding Bing in the 22nd year of Guangxu (1896) “Mr. Xu Shanwu’s Proverbs from Hundred Officials” “Xu Shanwu” “Don’t worry, Hua’er, dad will definitely find you a good marriage again. My Lan Dingli’s daughter is so beautiful, smart and sensible, it’s best to find a good family to marry.” Impossible, rest assured, copybooks such as “Mr. Hou Tianji”; books engraved by the academy itself, such as “Nongsang Ji Yao”, “Huangdi Neijing Taisu”, “Jingding Yanzhou Continuation”, “Zhongjiang Academy Series”, etc. ; The second is the openness of the book collection. In addition to my favorite traditional Confucian classics, the academy also has books on emerging subjects, such as “Warships and Steam Engines”, “Compendium of Electricity”, “New Knowledge of Western Medicine”, “Electrical Nickel Plating”, etc.; Early newspapers such as “Current News” and “Dichao” are also joining my favorite areas; at the same time, we pay attention to the collection of local characteristics of documents, such as “Xin’an Zhi” and “Ten Types of Mr. Wang Shuangchi’s Posthumous Letters”.
The “mother machine” of modern education in Wuhu
Guangxu 29 Jamaica Sugar Daddy (1903), Zhongjiang Academy followed the trend of transforming academies into schools and changed its name to Wanjiang Middle School. At the same time, There is a primary school attached. The establishment of Wanjiang Middle School can be said to be the forerunner of Wuhu’s government-run modern education. In 1912, Wanjiang Middle School was renamed Anhui Provincial No. 2 Normal School. In 1914, it was renamed Anhui Provincial No. 5 Normal School.Middle school, the Provincial No. 5 Middle School is also one of the earliest provincial middle schools in Anhui Province Jamaicans Sugardaddy. In 1916, Liu Xiping, a well-known educator and democratic revolutionary, was hired to teach Chinese and self-cultivation courses at the No. 5 Middle School. Later, he served as the principal of the school. He carried out a series of reforms in teaching methods and incorporated many advanced modern teachings. Educational concepts, such as the implementation of public transportation between men and women, the introduction of work into the classroom, and the implementation of a centralized roll call and evaluation system in the morning and morning, etc. In 1929, the Provincial Jamaicans Escort No. 5 Middle School was renamed the Provincial No. 7 Middle School, and later the Provincial Wuhu Middle SchoolJamaicans Escort, Provincial Wuhu Senior High School. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the Provincial Wuhu Senior High School Jamaicans Sugardaddy was renamed Wuhu Municipal High School and Wuhu No. 1 Middle School in Wannan District. In 1951, it was renamed Wuhu No. 1 Middle School in Anhui Province. Later, it was basically named Wuhu No. 1 Middle School. Overall, the teaching activities of transforming JM Escorts College into a school and school in the early 20th century were importantJM Escorts serves basic education. It developed basic education early in the Wanjiang area, especially after it became a middle school, and assumed the main task of local basic education. , is the “mother machine” of Wuhu’s modern education and is known as “the history book of Wuhu’s modern education of wood and stone”.
Influence the reactionary process in WanjiangJamaica Sugar Daddy
In 1903, Zhongjiang Academy was renamed Although Wanjiang Middle School is still a place for education, because many revolutionaries came to the school to teach and educate people, it has become a place for our ancestors to spread advanced ideas and carry out revolutionary activitiesJamaica Sugar Daddymain position. In 1904, Chen Duxiu, the pioneer of the New Civilization Movement, came to Wanjiang Middle School to teach. While teaching, he also founded the “Anhui Common Words Newspaper” to criticize current events, open up people’s minds, and do the cause of “reforming the world”. , which can be said to have laid the foundation for Chen Duxiu’s subsequent founding of “New Youth” and the launch of the New Civilization Movement. In 1916, Liu Xiping came to teach at the Provincial No. 5 Middle School, which had been renamed. At the same time, he recommended Gao Yuhan, who later became one of the earliest members of the Communist Party of China, to serve as the superintendent and also teach English. The two actively promoted the New Civilization Movement in the school and recommended students to read Progressive publications such as “New Youth” advocated vernacular and actively promoted equal rights for men and women. They edited and published the publication “Unfettered Flower” to promote the ideas of the new civilization. In 1919, the May 4th patriotic movement against the Beiyang government’s signature on the Paris Peace Treaty first broke out in Beijing. Teachers and students in Wuhu were unifiedly organized by Liu Xiping and Gao Yuhan, and contacted Wuhu St. Yage Middle School, Cuiwen Middle School, and Provincial Boys’ School. More than 2,000 teachers and students from the Second Normal School took to the streets to hold demonstrations and petitions in support of Beijing. Liu Xiping, she is the new wife who just entered the house yesterday. She hadn’t even started serving tea to the elders and formally introducing her to the family. As a result, not only did she go to the kitchen early to do some work this time, but she also visited Gao Yuhan’s JM Escorts‘s Jamaica Sugar Daddy Wuhu Provincial No. 5 Middle School has also become one of the centers of the patriotic movement in Anhui and is known as the “Beijing University of Anhui”. At that time, Shanghai’s “Shenbao” and “News News” reported many reports on the student unrest in Wuhu Jamaicans Escort, which aroused great repercussions. . Liu Xiping, Gao Yuhan and others initiated the new civilization movement in the Provincial No. 5 Middle School, pursuing democracy and science. It can be said that “Anhui’s new civilization movement actually started from Wuhu No. 5 Middle School.”
LiuJamaicans Sugardaddy Xiping served as the director of the Provincial No. 5 Middle School after 1920. Principal, Gao Yuhan took the initiative to contact early members of the Communist Party of China Yun Daiying, Xiao Chunv, Shen ZeminJamaicans Sugardaddy, Zheng Taipu, and Dong Yixiang and others came to Wuhu to give lectures successively. The Provincial No. 5 Middle School gradually transformed into an important place for spreading Marxism, and the teaching color of traditional academies gradually faded. Based on the Provincial No. 5 Middle School, they made serious contributions to the spread of Marxism in Wuhu and even Anhui, and trained a large number ofYoung intellectuals with advanced revolutionary ideas such as Li Kenong, Qian Xingcun (A Ying), Jiang Guangci, Wu Zuxiang, Yin Kuan, Wu Baoe, Hu Sumin, etc. They have successively joined the Chinese Socialist Youth League and the Communist Party of China. Those who are looking forward to Become the groom. Nothing. It has provided many talents for the revolution and construction of the Communist Party of China, and has had a certain influence throughout the country. It can be said that the reactionary activities carried out by these reactionaries in Wanjiang Middle School and the renamed Provincial No. 5 Middle School had a direct impact on the reaction in the Wanjiang area with Wuhu as the center, and radiated to Anhui Province, to a certain extent. Promoted the reactionary process in the areas along the river.
In 2016, in order to revive traditional civilization and absorb the excellent elements of traditional academy teaching, Wuhu City attracted investment to rebuild Zhongjiang Academy in Jiuzi Ancient Town, Wuhu, and it was completed and opened to the public in December 2019. . The reborn Zhongjiang College is huge in scale and consists of 21 Hui-style buildings. It is currently the largest college Hui-style building complex in China. The cultural heritage of Zhongjiang Academy continues to grow, and its legacy continues to be passed down from generation to generation.
Editor: Jin Fu